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the CoVid-19 pandemic drastically changed different aspects of the daily lives of millions of people, generating an increase in the use of the internet for maintaining social contact, teleworking or online studies. this study explores the extent to which the internet connection pattern changed during the CoVid-19 confinement in a sample of adults from four latin american countries, considering gender and age. a descriptive study was carried out, including a non-probabilistic convenience sample design. the final sample was comprised of 1488 participants. this analysis shows that internet habits changed in terms of frequency, duration, and time of use. We observe differences when it comes to gender and age. in women, the increases in use are greater for the different variables analyzed, especially for the frequency of connection at night. in terms of age, the younger the age, the greater the increase in internet connection time throughout the day and connection time at night. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved) (Spanish) la pandemia de CoVid-19 cambio drasticamente diferentes aspectos de la vida cotidiana de millones de personas, generando un incremento del uso de internet para el mantenimiento del contacto social, el teletrabajo o los estudios online. en este articulo se evalua en que medida presento cambios el patron de conexion a internet durante el confinamiento por CoVid-19 en una muestra de adultos de cuatro paises de america latina, considerando el sexo y la edad. se propuso un estudio descriptivo, con diseno no probabilistico de muestreo por conveniencia. la muestra final quedo compuesta por 1488 participantes. el analisis muestra que los habitos de conexion a internet se modificaron en terminos de frecuencia, duracion y horarios, observandose diferencias en funcion del sexo y la edad. en mujeres son mayores los incrementos de uso para las distintas variables analizadas, especialmente para la frecuencia de conexion nocturna. en cuanto a la edad, a menor edad se observa un mayor aumento del tiempo de conexion a internet a lo largo del dia y de conexion en horario nocturno. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)
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In this study we conduct a least-likely case study in order to assess the analytical power of the ideational approach to populism. We do so by testing the direct and conditional effects of populist attitudes on vote choices in Argentina. We examine whether populist attitudes are associated with the Peronist vote, as more essentialist interpretations would lead us to expect, or, on the contrary, linked to vote for right parties, an expectation that is more consistent with thin-ideological approaches. Our data consists of an original online survey carried out in September 2020, a specific juncture at which the Peronist government had to deal with widespread popular discontent caused by intense economic crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic. Our findings reveal that populist attitudes are positively associated with voting for right parties and that the effects of such attitudes are conditioned by ideological preferences. These results underscore the explanatory power of ideational approaches to the electoral activation of populist attitudes. [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of International Political Science Review is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)
ABSTRACT
At the end of 2019 the first cases of SARS-CoV-2-associated pneumonia were reported in China. Consequently, the World Health Organization (WHO) named it COVID-19 and in January 2020, it declared the international health emergency due to the worldwide rapid spread of the infection. The first cases in Argentina were detected in early March 2020. Molecular tests like RT PCR and LAMP were immediately used. Serological tests for antibody detection were approved a few months later;however, these are still not the preferred diagnostic method for the disease. In our laboratory, the latter began to be used during the first wave of COVID-19. With the results obtained in that moment, an observational retrospective study in a cohort of patients who came voluntarily to test for SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies and whose results were positive was performed. The notification rate to the Argentine Integrated System for Health Information (SISA for its acronym in Spanish) was calculated and antibody levels were evaluated, clustering them according to the following facts: if the event had been notified to the SISA and if they had a previous RT PCR/LAMP result, the symptoms experienced by these patients and the time elapsed between RT PCR/LAMP and antibody test results. It was not possible to demonstrate differences between patients with detectable and undetectable RT PCR/LAMP, neither with the type of declared symptoms nor with respect to the days elapsed post-infection. However, it was found that there was a significant difference between notified and non-notified patients, and a high rate of non-notified patients with positive antibodies. Therefore, antibodies level might be considered as a surrogate marker of SARS-CoV-2 contact when a diagnosis through molecular methods is not available.
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BackgroundPatients with immune-mediated rheumatic diseases (IRD) have poorer outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection compared to the general population.ObjectivesTo assess and compare clinical course, severity and complications of SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with rheumatic immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) from Mexico and Argentina.MethodsData from both national registries, CMR-COVID (Mexico) and SAR-COVID (Argentina), were combined. Briefly, adult IRD patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection were recruited between 08.2020 and 09.2022 in SAR-COVID and between 04.2020 and 06.2022 in CMR-COVID. Sociodemographic data, comorbidities, and DMARDs were recorded, as well as clinical characteristics, complications, and treatment for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Descriptive analysis. Chi square, Fisher, Student T, Mann Whitney U tests and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed.ResultsA total of 3709 patients were included, 1167 (31.5%) from the CMR-COVID registry and 2542 (68.5%) from the SAR-COVID registry. The majority (82.3%) were women, with a mean age of 50.4 years (SD 14.4). The most frequent IRD were rheumatoid arthritis (47.5%) and systemic lupus erythematosus (18.9%). Mexican patients were significantly older, had a higher female predominance and had higher prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis, antiphospholipid syndrome, and axial spondyloarthritis, while the Argentine patients had more frequently psoriatic arthritis and ANCA-associated vasculitis. In both cohorts, approximately 80% were in remission or low disease activity at the time of infection. Mexicans took glucocorticoids (43% vs 37%, p<0.001) and rituximab (6% vs 3%, p<0.001) more frequently. They also reported more comorbidities (48% vs 43%, p=0.012).More than 90% of patients presented symptoms related to SARS-CoV-2 infection. The frequency of hospitalization was comparable between the groups (23.4%), however, the Mexicans had more severe disease (Figure 1) and a higher mortality rate (9.4% vs 4.0%, p<0.0001). After adjusting for risk factors, Mexicans were more likely to die due to COVID-19 (OR 2.2, 95%CI 1.5-3.1).ConclusionIn this cohort of patients with IRD from Mexico and Argentina with SARS-CoV-2 infection, the majority presented symptoms, a quarter were hospitalized and 6% died due to COVID-19. Mexicans presented more severe disease, and after considering risk factors they were two times more likely to die.REFERENCES:NIL.Acknowledgements:NIL.Disclosure of InterestsCarolina Ayelen Isnardi Grant/research support from: SAR-COVID is a multi- sponsor registry, where Pfizer, Abbvie, and Elea Phoenix provided unrestricted grants. None of them participated or infuenced the development of the project, data collection, analysis, interpretation, or writing the report. They do not have access to the information collected in the database, Deshire Alpizar-Rodriguez: None declared, Marco Ulises Martínez-Martínez: None declared, Rosana Quintana: None declared, Ingrid Eleonora Petkovic: None declared, Sofia Ornella: None declared, Vanessa Viviana Castro Coello: None declared, Edson Velozo: None declared, David Zelaya: None declared, María Severina: None declared, Adriana Karina Cogo: None declared, Romina Nieto: None declared, Dora Aida Pereira: None declared, Iris Jazmin Colunga-Pedraza: None declared, Fedra Irazoque-Palazuelos: None declared, GRETA CRISTINA REYES CORDERO: None declared, Tatiana Sofía Rodriguez-Reyne: None declared, JOSE ANTONIO VELOZ ARANDA: None declared, Cassandra Michele Skinner Taylor: None declared, INGRID MARIBEL JUAREZ MORA: None declared, Beatriz Elena Zazueta Montiel: None declared, Atzintli Martínez: None declared, Cesar Francisco Pacheco Tena: None declared, Guillermo Pons-Estel: None declared.
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The objective was to determine the prevalence of household food insecurity (FI) in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Secondary analysis was performed using the waves 1 to 3 of the 2020 COVID-19 High Frequency Phone Surveys in 13 LAC countries. The countries with the highest FI in the first wave were Honduras (60.3%), Peru (58.1%) and Ecuador (57.9%). Likewise, the countries with the greatest differences in the prevalence of FI between the first and last waves in percentage points (PP) were Peru (-29), Guatemala (-27.7) and Bolivia (-21.8). LAC countries face a great burden of FI.Copyright © 2022 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
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The COVID-19 crisis has had a significant impact on the mental health of adolescents and young adults in South America. As a result, the appearance of a higher incidence of anxiety and depressive disorders in these countries have been documented and could lead to the appearance of severe mental health disorders. In this context, the prevention and early intervention in mental health is a current challenge in Central and South America. Since the last decade, the existence of initiatives in this field has been mapped in Mexico, Brazil, Chile and Argentina, mostly in first episode psychosis programs. However, Chile is the only country in South America with a multicentre prospective initiative for early detection and intervention in clinical high-risk subjects (called RED-EMAR). The aim of RED-EMAR is disseminate the value of the at-risk mental state concept (abbreviated to EMAR in Spanish), establish agreed therapeutic strategies in this field, and establish potential new evidence-based local interventions. The successful experiences of this network include the monitoring and discussion of clinical cases in telemedicine and the development of mental health psychoeducation guidelines. However, Insufficient resources, stigma, and the lack of mental health public policies are some of the weaknesses of this initiatives in South America. The development and access to early detection and intervention services in South America could be a window of opportunity to reduce the impact of severe mental health disorders such as psychosis and related disorders and move towards an approach aimed at prevention or delaying its onset.
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The health conditions generated by the COVID-19 pandemic severely restricted in-person therapy, and as a result online therapy was put into practice. The objective of this study was to describe and analyse, from the perspective of the therapist, how the pandemic has influenced their experience and clinical practice. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 24 Latin American therapists who had performed online therapy during the pandemic. The information was analysed following the coding procedures of the Grounded Theory. Three core categories were constructed from the analysis: (a) impact on the therapist: spiral of uncertainty, oppression and adaptive astonishment;(b) incorporation of technologies into clinical practice: 'I never thought they could help';and (c) transformation of the practice of psychotherapy: 'water always finds its way'. The model incorporates and relates therapists' perceptions of their professional work, patients' attitudes towards this new psychotherapy method, perception of the therapeutic relationship and process, and the facilitators and obstacles experienced in online therapy. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved) (Spanish) Las condiciones de salud generadas por la pandemia por COVID-19 restringieron severamente la terapia presencial, y se puso en practica la no presencial. El objetivo de este estudio fue describir y analizar desde la perspectiva del terapeuta, como la pandemia ha influido en su experiencia y en su practica clinica. Se realizaron entrevistas cualitativas a 24 terapeutas latinoamericanos que habian realizado terapia no presencial durante la pandemia. La informacion fue analizada siguiendo los procedimientos de codificacion de la Teoria Fundamentada. A partir del analisis se construyeron tres categorias axiales a) Impacto en el terapeuta: Espiral de incertidumbre, agobio y asombro adaptativo;b) Incorporacion de las tecnologias a la practica clinica: 'nunca pense que podia servir';y c) Transformacion del ejercicio de la psicoterapia: 'el agua siempre encuentra su camino'. El modelo incorpora y relaciona: las percepciones de los terapeutas sobre su trabajo profesional, las actitudes de los pacientes hacia esta nueva modalidad de psicoterapia, la percepcion de la relacion y el proceso terapeuticos, asi como los facilitadores y obstaculos experimentados en la terapia no presencial. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)
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This article analyzes the way in which children and adolescents went through schooling, particularly in single-mother households, during the COVID-19 pandemic. The scarce official information published is reconstructed and compiled, specific cross-check are made through the official microdata base and different documents produced by international organizations, particularly UNICEF, are selected. A quantitative and qualitative (that is, mixed) analysis is combined here, based on the work with the aforementioned sources. It is expected to provide inputs for decision-making while at the same time providing material that contributes to the field of work on school inequality that was generated during the pandemic. The general question guiding this work is to what extent the COVID-19 pandemic will deepen pre-existing marks in the educational system and what is the schooling gap by gender that the pandemic will leave behind.
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Aunque con diferencias en cada caso nacional, se trata de un proceso que se intensifica a mediados de la década de 1990 y en los años 2000 en el caso de los doctorados, como indican estudios sobre el tema.1 Esa tendencia se asocia a tres factores clave vinculados a las políticas públicas para el sector: apoyo a la formación doctoral, principalmente a través de becas nacionales provenientes de los organismos de gobierno de la educación superior y/o de los sistemas científico-tecnológicos;institucionalización de regulaciones basadas en dispositivos nacionales de evaluación de la calidad educativa, con avances en los procesos y procedimientos de acreditación, evaluación de la calidad y categorización de programas, que posibilitaron la institucionalización de una cultura evaluativa para el doctorado;y estrategias de internacionalización promovidas -con distintas intensidades en cada caso nacional- por las instituciones de educación superior y las políticas de evaluación y fomento, que las consideran un requisito para la excelencia académica. Así, es posible afirmar que los doctorados comienzan a ocupar un espacio mayor en la agenda de investigación, con la consecuente ampliación de temas que abordan. También las desigualdades de género, geopolíticas y/o socioeducativas, que condicionan las trayectorias doctorales, ganan mayor expresión en la producción científica sobre el tema. Sin embargo, los déficits y diferencias que presentan las informaciones de las estadísticas nacionales en cada caso resultan en un obstáculo importante a ser enfrentado por quienes invierten en ese tipo de producciones (De la Fare;Rovelli, 2021;Unzué;Emiliozzi, 2013). Además, en el escenario social y educativo reconfigurado a partir de la pandemia de la COVID-19, los programas y la formación doctoral enfrentan nuevos desafíos en el marco de situaciones que dieron mayor visibilidad a las desigualdades educativas y a los obstáculos de la implementación de una virtualidad improvisada para el amplio conjunto de estudiantes.
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No es la excepción con el actual, lo que de nueva cuenta hace patente la amplitud del campo de la investigación educativa y la variedad de propuestas convocadas por nuestra revista. Un hallazgo que vale la pena resaltar es que la mayor parte de la investigación sobre el tema fue identificada en Chile, Brasil y Argentina;de México únicamente se encontró un trabajo en las bases consultadas (Web of Science, Scopus y SciELO), de Carlota Guzmán (Guzmán Gómez, 2017). Sin salir de la educación formal, pero sí en un escenario distinto al tradicional, al de la escuela, la investigación de Sánchez-Guzmán y Hamui-Sutton da cuenta de la experiencia subjetiva de médicas(os) en formación en un hospital de tercer nivel. La educación en el hospital conlleva procesos marcados por distintas violencias, el testimonio de la residente entrevistada es por demás elocuente: "En el fondo, la vida del hospital es infeliz [...] La lectura del texto deja la sensación de que hay una especie de caja negra en este ámbito formativo que amerita ser desvelada en mucha mayor medida a través de la investigación sobre el tema;además, claro está, de los cambios en las dinámicas y condiciones que hoy en día siguen prevaleciendo en clínicas y hospitales;en este sentido concluyen las autoras: "generar estrategias para la prevención y atención de la violencia requiere cambios en la cultura médica y de las instituciones que conforman el campo médico".
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Among its many side effects, the COVID-19 pandemic left several positive results. This article talks about one of the main positive effects in the post-pandemic period: the adoption of telemedicine and telehealth, two related disciplines that were already present in several Latin American countries, but which in the past two years came to be a solution for delivering medical care to patients. Factors such as social-distancing measures, the lack of knowledge about the virus at the beginning of the pandemic that led to strict protective measures being taken in hospitals and doctors' offices, restricting face-to-face care of patients to a bare minimum, and the rapid response of governments, health care institutions, payers, and professionals, provided the conditions that telemedicine and telehealth had needed for many years to flourish and occupy the predominant place they currently have in the global health ecosystem. All the benefits of remote patient care became clear at a time in world history that marked a turning point in the advancement of information and communication technologies for health. In this report we will look at the regulatory frameworks adopted during or since the COVID-19 pandemic from 2020 onward in Argentina. Spanish Language Translation https://doi.org/10.30953/tmt.v8.417 Este informe describe los marcos regulatorios adoptados durante y desde la pandemia de COVID-19 a partir de 2020 en Argentina, así como el impacto de estas disciplinas y cómo se relacionan con la expansión de la telemedicina y la telesalud en el sector sanitario de la región. Entre muchos de sus efectos inesperados la pan-demia de COVID-19 dejó varios saldos positivos. Este artículo habla acerca de uno de los principales efectos positivos en la post pandemia: la adopción de la telemedicina y la telesalud, dos disciplinas relacionadas que ya estaban presentes en varios países de Latinoamérica, pero que en los últimos dos años se revelaron como la solución para hacer llegar la atención médica a los pacientes. Factores como las medidas de distanciamiento social, el desconocimiento sobre el virus al comienzo de la pandemia que obligó a tomar medidas estrictas de protección a hospitales y consultorios médicos, restringiendo la atención presencial de pacientes al mínimo indispensable y la rápida respuesta de gobiernos, instituciones sanitarias, pagadores y profesionales, posibil-itaron el impulso que desde hacía muchos años precisaba la telemedicina y la telesalud para ocupar el lugar preponderante que actualmente está ocupando en el ecosistema sanitario mundial. Todos los beneficios de la atención remota de pacientes quedaron en evidencia en un momento de la historia del mundo que representa un punto de inflexión en el avance de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación para la salud. En este reporte veremos cuáles fueron los marcos regulatorios adoptados durante o con posterioridad a la pandemia de Covid-19 a partir de 2020 hasta la fecha en Argentina.
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The aim of this research was to describe the participation of the providers of socially organized care (State, families, market and community) in caregiving tasks among families living in poverty in the province of Buenos Aires, Argentina. The study used a descriptive quantitative design involving surveys conducted virtually in the framework of the COVID-19 pandemic.Families, particularly their female members, faced a notable burden in terms of taking responsibility for and implementing caregiving. It was also observed that there were low levels of State involvement other than through financial transfers, but community organizations did have a presence, particularly in the context of the pandemic and the socioeconomic crisis that exacerbated it. Market-based care provision was restricted to hiring women from the same families as mentioned before to undertake caregiving tasks in households with greater purchasing power.
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The article studies the strategies adopted by four video streaming providers to promote access and circulation of digital audiovisual content in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic in Argentina between 2020-2021. Based on the core model, type of ownership and origin, the cases are: the public platform Cine.ar;the national platform Flow;and the transnational platforms Movistar TV and Netflix. The areas of analysis are: measures adopted by the providers for access to content;production activities in the country;relationship with other agents of the communications industry;and impact on the business. (English) [ FROM AUTHOR] El artículo estudia las estrategias adoptadas por cuatro proveedores de streaming de video para promover el acceso y circulación a contenidos audiovisuales digitales en el contexto de pandemia de COVID-19 en Argentina entre 2020-2021. Atendiendo a la representatividad de modelo central, tipo gestión y origen, los casos son: la plataforma pública Cine.ar;la nacional, Flow;y las transnacionales, Movistar TV y Netflix. Los ejes de análisis son: medidas adoptadas por los proveedores para el acceso a contenidos;actividades de producción en el país;relación con otros agentes de la industria de comunicaciones;e impacto en el negocio. (Spanish) [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Zer: Journal of Communication Studies / Revista de Estudios de Comunicacion / Komunikazio Ikasketen Aldizkaria is the property of Universidad del Pais Vasco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)
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O artigo analisa as iniciativas de promoção da segurança alimentar na Argentina, Brasil, Colômbia e Inglaterra a partir do desenho de um diagnóstico situacional dos países em questão, no período pós-Covid-19. São dados secundários recentes de agências de pesquisa locais e multilaterais que questionam a gama de indicadores de riqueza e pobreza versus insegurança alimentar entre a população mais vulnerável. Avança também no modo de produzir alimentos em larga escala, principalmente a economia baseada em commodities, questionando a soberania na produção de alimentos e a contradição com as premissas do desenvolvimento sustentável. Busca evidenciar a implementação de alguns programas e políticas sociais. Nesses países, para cuidar de famílias em situação de vulnerabilidade social.Alternate :El artículo analiza iniciativas para promover la seguridad alimentaria en Argentina, Brazil, Colombia e Inglaterra a partir del diseño de un diagnóstico situacional de los países en mención, en el periodo post-Covid-19. Se trata de datos secundarios recientes de agencias de investigación locales y multilaterales que cuestionan la gama de indicadores de riqueza y pobreza frente a la inseguridad alimentaria entre la población más vulnerable. También avanza sobre la forma de producir alimentos a gran escala, en especial la economía basada en commodities, cuestionando la soberanía en la producción de alimentos y la contradicción frente a las premisas para el desarrollo sostenible. Busca evidenciar sobre la implementación de algunos programas y políticas sociales. En los referidos países, para atender a las familias en situación de vulnerabilidad social.Alternate :The article analyzes the initiatives to promote food security in Argentina, Brazil, Colombia and England based on the design of a situational diagnosis of the countries in question, in the post-Covid-19 period. These are recent secondary data from local and multilateral research agencies that question the range of indicators of wealth and poverty versus food insecurity among the most vulnerable population. It also advances in the way of producing food on a large scale, mainly the economy based on commodities, questioning the sovereignty in food production and the contradiction with the premises of sustainable development. It seeks to highlight the implementation of some social programs and policies. In these countries, to care for families in situations of social vulnerability.
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At the end of December of 2019, the world stopped because of a new virus outbreak originally reported in Wuhan, China. This virus was rapidly disseminated to the four continents situating as one of the worst pandemics the world faced in its history. Governments desperately urged for the adoption of radical measures that finely affected not only global commerce but the tourism industry. The WHO (World Health Organization) strongly recommended some restrictive measures such as quarantines or lockdowns to ban the public circulation, as well as social distancing and the closure of borders and the airspaces. All these measures led countries to the brink of an economic collapse. Economies that are dependent on tourism were more affected than others that keep alternative forms of production. The global world, as we know it, set the pace to a feudalized (if not fractured) world where each country closed their borders to "Other.” The present chapter interrogates what we dubbed as the "decline of hospitality, " a trend that originated just after 9/11. To some extent, the COVID-19 pandemic is not news, while it affirms the effects of the War on Terror. Far from being a foundational event, COVID-19 engages with the previous backdrop initiated just after 9/11. Now the War on Terror sets the pace of a war against a virus. This chapter describes the radical political shifts that happened in Argentina along with the pandemic while laying the foundations towards a new understanding of travel behavior. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022.
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Objectives: Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) present greater severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection compared to the general population, particularly those with glomerulonephritis and who are treated with glucocorticoids. Likewise, high disease activity and some immunosuppressants have been associated with worse outcomes. The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with SLE in Argentina from the SAR-COVID registry and to establish factors associated with a worse outcome. Method(s): Observational study. Patients diagnosed with SLE with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection (RT-PCR and/or positive serology) from the SAR-COVID registry were included. Data were collected from August 2020 to March 2022. The outcome of the infection was measured using the World Health Organization-ordinal scale (WHO-OS). Severe COVID-19 was defined as an WHO-OS value >=5. Descriptive analysis, Student's t , Mann Whitney U, ANOVA, Chi2 and Fisher's tests. Multivariable logistic regression. Result(s): A total of 399 patients were included, 93%female, with a mean age of 40.9 years (SD 12.2), 39.6% had at least one comorbidity. At the time of infection, 54.9% were receiving glucocorticoids, 30.8% immunosuppressants, and 3.3% biological agents. SARS-CoV-2 infection was mild in most cases, while 4.6% had a severe course and/or died. The latter had comorbidities, used glucocorticoids, and had antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) more frequently and higher disease activity at the time of infection. In the multivariate analysis, high blood pressure (OR 5.1, 95% CI 1.8-15.0), the diagnosis of APS (4.7, 95% CI 1.2-15.8), and the use of glucocorticoids (10 mg/day or more: OR 5.5, 95% CI 1.6-20.5) were associated with severe hospitalization and/or death from COVID-19 (WHO-EO >= 5). Conclusion(s): In this cohort of SLE patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, most had a symptomatic course, 22.1% were hospitalized, and 5% required mechanical ventilation. Mortality was close to 3%. The diagnosis of APS, having high blood pressure, and the use of glucocorticoids were significantly associated with severe COVID-19.
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La pandemia por COVID-19 ha traído grandes consecuencias económicas en los mercados. Este trabajo analiza la relación entre el avance de programas de vacunación y mercados financieros latinoamericanos. Se utiliza un enfoque de análisis de coherencia Wavelet para evaluar el movimiento conjunto de los mercados y el avances de estrategias de inoculación en base a datos diarios de Argentina, Brasil, Chile y México. Los resultados muestran que el avance de los programas de vacunación en los países latinoamericanos tienen efectos positivos y significativos en los rendimientos de sus mercados financieros.Alternate :The COVID-19 pandemic has had major economic consequences in the markets. This paper analyzes the relationship between the progress of vaccination programs and Latin American financial markets. A Wavelet coherence analysis approach is used to evaluate the co-movement of markets and the progress of inoculation strategies based on daily data from Argentina, Brazil, Chile and Mexico. The results show that the progress of vaccination programs in Latin American countries has positive and significant effects on the returns of their financial markets.Alternate :A pandemia da COVID-19 teve consequências económicas importantes nos mercados. Este documento analisa a relação entre o progresso dos programas de vacinação e os mercados financeiros latino-americanos. Uma abordagem de análise de coerência Wavelet é utilizada para avaliar o co-movimento dos mercados e o progresso das estratégias de inoculação com base em dados diários da Argentina, Brasil, Chile e México. Os resultados mostram que o progresso dos programas de vacinação nos países da América Latina tem efeitos positivos e significativos no retorno dos seus mercados financeiros.
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This paper analyzes the relationship between the structural inequalities that Argentina presents in relation to access to information and communication technologies and their respective impact on the levels of compulsory education, and how the COVID-19 pandemic in this state of affairs deepened the educational inequities among students who had access to a device and the Internet for those who did not have one or had limited use. In this regard, the COVID-19 in Argentina has exposed, if previously unclear, situations of structural vulnerability, which have deeply impacted the national education system, calling into question the pedagogical continuity of students in unfavorable conditions during the time of the pandemic. These territorial inequalities have been consolidated since the beginning of the formation of the Argentine Nation-State and have persisted over time, and the digital gap that currently exists corresponds directly to other socio-economic and geographical gaps. This context of pandemic has made them even more visible, compromising the pedagogical continuity that must be guaranteed to all students during the time that this situation is maintained. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022.
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The objective was to analyze food intake and its variations during lockdown in the first wave of COVID-19 in Argentina (AR) and Paraguay (PY), year 2020 and the impact of self-perception of anxiety regarding consumption. An online survey was implemented inquiring about socio-demographic characteristics, usual food intake, self-perception of changes in consumption and anxiety during lockdown. A logistics regression model was developed to analyze the association among variables. There were 2621 participants from AR and 2164 from PY. Only 46% from AR and 36% from PY usually fulfilled the recommendation of 2 servings of vegetables a day, and 11% in total complied with the recommended 3 fruits a day. Only 1 out of 4 participants drinks enough water and optional consumption products (processed products and with high sugar level, saturated fat and sodium) were usually present in an important proportion. Fifty-six percent from AR and 72% from PY showed anxiety because of pandemic and lockdown, affecting their eating habits. In AR, anxiety perception raised significantly the OR of modifying usual consumption of vegetables (OR=1.4), fruit (OR=1.7), meat (OR=1.6), dairy products (OR=1.09), sugary products (OR=2.1) and sugary drinks (OR=1.6). The same was observed in PY for intake of vegetables (OR=1.6), fruit (OR=1.8), meat (OR=2.8), dairy products (OR=2.8), sugary products (OR=3.9) and sugary drinks (OR=2.3). In conclusion, lockdown changed eating habits and there may be an impact on immunological state and general health.